Baby Shower Game Winners Gift Ideas

Il luccio e la vegetazione acquatica

Mark Milardi

In this article we will examine from the point of view the most rigorous possible interactions between the pike (as a species and as an individual) and the aquatic vegetation. The aquatic vegetation is essential for pike during the scrub. Nowadays the main rivers are full regiment and became an exceptional event. Even the lakes now rarely overflows.

Thousands of years of evolution have produced a fish such as pike that reproduces in spring and in areas with low human impact does it more often in alluvial soils, where the larvae are an ideal environment for their rapid development before to return to the main body of water with the receding water. It's kind of vegetation that needs to spawn, the vegetation provides shelter and support for small sticky eggs during the few days of development.

Luckily the pike is not particularly selective, as other species, the type of plants used during playback. In the absence of alluvial soils will give evidence about the stems of Phragmites (reeds) or other aquatic vegetation in shallow areas. The lack of vegetation in the scrub does not necessarily mean the absence of the care itself, but rather has a great impact on the survival of eggs in that same lack of shelter do not come easily to hatch.

A typical environment for the deposition Spring

The newly hatched larvae of pike are very fragile creatures, far from being the top predator of the aquatic environment. During the first weeks after hatching the larvae are forced to stay in the shelter of aquatic vegetation to avoid predators, their many (virtually all). At first, the larva remains attached to the vegetation with a sticky excretion and feeds on their yolk sac, but soon began to prey on the plankton and then the larvae through the mouth much more developed.

Throughout the larval stage and most of the juvenile phase pike remains deeply attached to vegetation that offers both shelter from predators (including other pike), a good hiding place from which to ambush and an area rich in food resources where most of the prey refuge from larger fish.

A survey of the shallow areas of the lake reveals a small pike larvae concentrated in the coastal vegetation

Once you have reached maturity and adulthood remains pike related to aquatic plants although some individuals seem to prefer other types of environments and moving into other areas of the body of water. This predilection is known to sport fishermen who often cercano di insidiarlo vicino ai canneti, nei tappeti di ninfee o ancora sul mirofillum che cresce nei drop-off.

In effetti fino al raggiungimento delle taglie massime un luccio è perennemente a rischio predazione sia da parte dei suoi simili (anche di taglia molto simile) che da parte di altri predatori acquatici (uccelli acquatici ed altre specie esotiche).

Questo rischio si attenua soltanto con il sopraggiungere del periodo invernale: durante l’inverno il cannibalismo scende moltissimo e il luccio, prima molto territoriale, si può trovare molto vicino ad altri individui. Questo cambiamento nel comportamento coincide con un calo dell’attività accompagnato ad un progressivo diminuire della vegetazione acquatica.

Ninfee e canneto sono due delle tipologie più comuni di piante acquatiche associate alla presenza del luccio

Alla luce di quanto detto sopra appare evidente che, non potendo permettere eventi alluvionali come in passato, sia molto importante keep as much as possible the natural character of the watercourse.

The overbuilding and the regimentation of the channels usually leads to an increase in the speed of running water due to the smoother surface and the straightening of the meandering and folds. This usually leads to an absence of macrophytes, ie, vegetation that is essential to aquatic life in general and especially for pike.

mowing of reeds, as in lakes and canals, for cleaner shores, beaches and bike paths has often led to the same result.

is certainly important to create spaces for use by man but it is equally important to preserve other natural areas where activities can take place properly. The vegetation of the banks, as we have seen, is a focal point for the reproduction of pike and other species of fish. If the vegetation is removed will endanger many species.

An environment rich in vegetation, although hardly available to the fishery, is an environment rich in wildlife and an environment with little vegetation usually a small number of species. The difference is the number of micro-habitats that are created within the vegetation that increase system capacity. Too much vegetation, for example due to nutrients released into the environment from agricultural practices, can actually be a problem for aquatic fauna, but this level is far beyond that normally received. The pike is a fish, in particular, it is very resistant to eutrophic conditions and at low levels of oxygen.

overbuilding of an irrigation canal

final note must be made on the restoration of vegetation in areas altered by human intervention. Aquatic plants, like animals, have a high reproductive potential, and you must respect the balance that already exists.

Therefore it is wrong to introduce new plant species in the environment but it is advisable to reinstate the existing plants. Just as it is advisable to monitor the presence of introduced plants and weeds that can easily be stifling environment. Any action or program to that effect should be coordinated with local authorities and supervised by experts.

must always keep in mind that the evolution side has had millennia to form a community water and introduce an amendment to any effects that can result when we fail to predict. In addition, species that we know well and which are harmless in an ecosystem can become invasive species if transferred to another place.

In many parts of Europe and the reed beds of lily plants are protected while in America (where they were introduced) and weeds are actively controlled by the environmental departments. Also in this case the removal of an introduced species is very difficult and expensive.

to control Phragmites reeds in America

Baby Shower Game Winners Gift Ideas

Il luccio e la vegetazione acquatica

Mark Milardi

In this article we will examine from the point of view the most rigorous possible interactions between the pike (as a species and as an individual) and the aquatic vegetation. The aquatic vegetation is essential for pike during the scrub. Nowadays the main rivers are full regiment and became an exceptional event. Even the lakes now rarely overflows.

Thousands of years of evolution have produced a fish such as pike that reproduces in spring and in areas with low human impact does it more often in alluvial soils, where the larvae are an ideal environment for their rapid development before to return to the main body of water with the receding water. It's kind of vegetation that needs to spawn, the vegetation provides shelter and support for small sticky eggs during the few days of development.

Luckily the pike is not particularly selective, as other species, the type of plants used during playback. In the absence of alluvial soils will give evidence about the stems of Phragmites (reeds) or other aquatic vegetation in shallow areas. The lack of vegetation in the scrub does not necessarily mean the absence of the care itself, but rather has a great impact on the survival of eggs in that same lack of shelter do not come easily to hatch.

A typical environment for the deposition Spring

The newly hatched larvae of pike are very fragile creatures, far from being the top predator of the aquatic environment. During the first weeks after hatching the larvae are forced to stay in the shelter of aquatic vegetation to avoid predators, their many (virtually all). At first, the larva remains attached to the vegetation with a sticky excretion and feeds on their yolk sac, but soon began to prey on the plankton and then the larvae through the mouth much more developed.

Throughout the larval stage and most of the juvenile phase pike remains deeply attached to vegetation that offers both shelter from predators (including other pike), a good hiding place from which to ambush and an area rich in food resources where most of the prey refuge from larger fish.

A survey of the shallow areas of the lake reveals a small pike larvae concentrated in the coastal vegetation

Once you have reached maturity and adulthood remains pike related to aquatic plants although some individuals seem to prefer other types of environments and moving into other areas of the body of water. This predilection is known to sport fishermen who often cercano di insidiarlo vicino ai canneti, nei tappeti di ninfee o ancora sul mirofillum che cresce nei drop-off.

In effetti fino al raggiungimento delle taglie massime un luccio è perennemente a rischio predazione sia da parte dei suoi simili (anche di taglia molto simile) che da parte di altri predatori acquatici (uccelli acquatici ed altre specie esotiche).

Questo rischio si attenua soltanto con il sopraggiungere del periodo invernale: durante l’inverno il cannibalismo scende moltissimo e il luccio, prima molto territoriale, si può trovare molto vicino ad altri individui. Questo cambiamento nel comportamento coincide con un calo dell’attività accompagnato ad un progressivo diminuire della vegetazione acquatica.

Ninfee e canneto sono due delle tipologie più comuni di piante acquatiche associate alla presenza del luccio

Alla luce di quanto detto sopra appare evidente che, non potendo permettere eventi alluvionali come in passato, sia molto importante keep as much as possible the natural character of the watercourse.

The overbuilding and the regimentation of the channels usually leads to an increase in the speed of running water due to the smoother surface and the straightening of the meandering and folds. This usually leads to an absence of macrophytes, ie, vegetation that is essential to aquatic life in general and especially for pike.

mowing of reeds, as in lakes and canals, for cleaner shores, beaches and bike paths has often led to the same result.

is certainly important to create spaces for use by man but it is equally important to preserve other natural areas where activities can take place properly. The vegetation of the banks, as we have seen, is a focal point for the reproduction of pike and other species of fish. If the vegetation is removed will endanger many species.

An environment rich in vegetation, although hardly available to the fishery, is an environment rich in wildlife and an environment with little vegetation usually a small number of species. The difference is the number of micro-habitats that are created within the vegetation that increase system capacity. Too much vegetation, for example due to nutrients released into the environment from agricultural practices, can actually be a problem for aquatic fauna, but this level is far beyond that normally received. The pike is a fish, in particular, it is very resistant to eutrophic conditions and at low levels of oxygen.

overbuilding of an irrigation canal

final note must be made on the restoration of vegetation in areas altered by human intervention. Aquatic plants, like animals, have a high reproductive potential, and you must respect the balance that already exists.

Therefore it is wrong to introduce new plant species in the environment but it is advisable to reinstate the existing plants. Just as it is advisable to monitor the presence of introduced plants and weeds that can easily be stifling environment. Any action or program to that effect should be coordinated with local authorities and supervised by experts.

must always keep in mind that the evolution side has had millennia to form a community water and introduce an amendment to any effects that can result when we fail to predict. In addition, species that we know well and which are harmless in an ecosystem can become invasive species if transferred to another place.

In many parts of Europe and the reed beds of lily plants are protected while in America (where they were introduced) and weeds are actively controlled by the environmental departments. Also in this case the removal of an introduced species is very difficult and expensive.

to control Phragmites reeds in America

Craigslist Green Egg Atlanta

SCIOPERO FANTASMA: NO GRAZIE!

With great print friendly pump, unions announce strike regime pretended to what they call, not by accident, "industry" of the show.

Too bad the "big event" held cautiously to a closed cinema in Rome, is proclaimed in the one day of rest for most of the theaters and opera houses.

What if I can not strike do? What a sight I jump? How do I involve the audience??

Already this first apparently inexplicable mob raises some legitimate suspicion ...

another obvious question then arises: Who asked him?

Since since that day, the month of July looks in vain for a single meeting of the board of the union sector, where they usually take decisions on strikes and demonstrations, their significance, opportunities, and message ... once again we ask: Who told you asked ??

Perhaps an answer for those who want to see is right here: the workers have not asked, did not have the time to do it, then who wants it? Who wants an event where he calls for a framework law that sucks? Another disaster agreed between the PD and De Biasi zealous CARLUCCI destroy that, if approved, what little remains of the educational and pedagogical role of the national patrimony, consisting dallo spettacolo dal vivo?

Chi vuole affrettare la firma di un Contratto Nazionale con queste controparti  a tutti i costi?

 Visto che il Governo sta per cadere non sarebbe opportuno sperare e lavorare per levarsi dalle scatole Marco Tutino e altri imbecilli di tale fatta? Oltretutto sapendo che appena si firma un CCNL in vigenza della legge Bondi, si tolgono ulteriori diritti ai lavoratori??? 

La controparte non si è fatta sentire, per ora...invece di approfittarne per cambiare controparte si vuol affrettare la riapertura di una trattativa dove non ci sono nemmeno i fondi minimi stanziati per un qualunque tipo di rinnovo contrattuale...Ma che siamo masochists?

what zeal, and how fast! Maybe you want to hand over to cronies (Nastasi, De Biase, Tutino) to put the icing on the cake, just before a change of the political risk of breaking the Brotherhood putting the workers in terms of opera to ask and maybe get the repeal of the law Bondi believe that all that crap, but can not wait to apply.

The other slogan (a Ideon), unwanted content of the declaration of strike fake, is the extension of so-called social safety nets to the entire sector, in particular to the Foundations Lyrics: a tool that will help anything but to protect workers: will, conversely, to remove the protections afforded to those who have, without giving to those who did not: Genoa docet: redundant and curtailed the precarious stability of salaries that will be fired themselves in two years to make way for new slaves. With the workers but against all the press and the review of arrangements in favor.

blackmailed because everyone insecure and dependent on the scheduling of seasons more and more made of the owners of football clubs who do not care very rights of citizens to enjoy high quality music.

All this disguised with a "strike" means a visa in order not to disturb i Sovrintendenti amici siamo in fondo contenti di non poter comunque scioperare contro noi stessi, essendo quasi tutti in giornata di riposo. 

Comunque il nostro slogan d'ora in poi sarà CGIL CISL UIL? NO GRAZIE!

This  opera  is licensed under a  Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License .

Craigslist Green Egg Atlanta

SCIOPERO FANTASMA: NO GRAZIE!

With great print friendly pump, unions announce strike regime pretended to what they call, not by accident, "industry" of the show.

Too bad the "big event" held cautiously to a closed cinema in Rome, is proclaimed in the one day of rest for most of the theaters and opera houses.

What if I can not strike do? What a sight I jump? How do I involve the audience??

Already this first apparently inexplicable mob raises some legitimate suspicion ...

another obvious question then arises: Who asked him?

Since since that day, the month of July looks in vain for a single meeting of the board of the union sector, where they usually take decisions on strikes and demonstrations, their significance, opportunities, and message ... once again we ask: Who told you asked ??

Perhaps an answer for those who want to see is right here: the workers have not asked, did not have the time to do it, then who wants it? Who wants an event where he calls for a framework law that sucks? Another disaster agreed between the PD and De Biasi zealous CARLUCCI destroy that, if approved, what little remains of the educational and pedagogical role of the national patrimony, consisting dallo spettacolo dal vivo?

Chi vuole affrettare la firma di un Contratto Nazionale con queste controparti  a tutti i costi?

 Visto che il Governo sta per cadere non sarebbe opportuno sperare e lavorare per levarsi dalle scatole Marco Tutino e altri imbecilli di tale fatta? Oltretutto sapendo che appena si firma un CCNL in vigenza della legge Bondi, si tolgono ulteriori diritti ai lavoratori??? 

La controparte non si è fatta sentire, per ora...invece di approfittarne per cambiare controparte si vuol affrettare la riapertura di una trattativa dove non ci sono nemmeno i fondi minimi stanziati per un qualunque tipo di rinnovo contrattuale...Ma che siamo masochists?

what zeal, and how fast! Maybe you want to hand over to cronies (Nastasi, De Biase, Tutino) to put the icing on the cake, just before a change of the political risk of breaking the Brotherhood putting the workers in terms of opera to ask and maybe get the repeal of the law Bondi believe that all that crap, but can not wait to apply.

The other slogan (a Ideon), unwanted content of the declaration of strike fake, is the extension of so-called social safety nets to the entire sector, in particular to the Foundations Lyrics: a tool that will help anything but to protect workers: will, conversely, to remove the protections afforded to those who have, without giving to those who did not: Genoa docet: redundant and curtailed the precarious stability of salaries that will be fired themselves in two years to make way for new slaves. With the workers but against all the press and the review of arrangements in favor.

blackmailed because everyone insecure and dependent on the scheduling of seasons more and more made of the owners of football clubs who do not care very rights of citizens to enjoy high quality music.

All this disguised with a "strike" means a visa in order not to disturb i Sovrintendenti amici siamo in fondo contenti di non poter comunque scioperare contro noi stessi, essendo quasi tutti in giornata di riposo. 

Comunque il nostro slogan d'ora in poi sarà CGIL CISL UIL? NO GRAZIE!

This  opera  is licensed under a  Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License .

Invitation I Pay The Meals

Fenotipi e genotipi del luccio in Italia

Frederick Ielli

This article Federico Ielli affronta l'importante problema della tutela del fenotipo italiano del luccio in un ottica conservazionistica, in riferimento ai recenti studi della Dott.ssa Livia Lucentini ricercatrice dell'Università di Perugia. La necessità di individuare alcune linee guida per la conservazione delle popolazioni di luccio italiche appare oggi fondamentale anche se non esente da difficoltà.

Introduzione

Il luccio (Esox lucius L.,) è specie ad ampia distribuzione europea, asiatica e Nord americana. In Italia la specie è nativa nelle regioni settentrionali e centrali, fino al Lazio e all’Abruzzo, mentre è stata di recente introdotta nel meridione and in the islands. The Italic peoples are distinguished from those of Eastern Europe and the North by the fact that the livery is quite different: essentially characterized by the presence of longitudinal bands greenish, more or less thick and continuous, or marmorizzature on a light background, in Italian pike, and pike in Central, East and West Europe are circular or elliptical spots (spot popular livery) yellow or greenish cream background. E 'was also reported the presence of pike with different phenotypes (vertical bars and diagonal) in some ecosystems of central Italy. Now, all this gives rise to much confusion, not only to taxonomic level, but also management, in how often the re-population of this species are made with material imported from Eastern Europe, easier to supply with all the issues that arise at the expense of the original population, including competition and hybridization.

Figure 1: Two examples of the colors of Italian phenotype

Recent

Recent studies have confirmed what some already know: that the Italian populations of Pike, steadily decrease throughout the country because of known problems (habitat alteration reproduction, water pollution, fishing iperprelievo, protective measures random, etc..,), are profoundly different from those across the border, both morphological and genetic, as well as behavioral, to the point to assume a specific differentiation between the Italian pike and the Central and Eastern Europe. In this case, genetics seems to be consistent with the morphological analysis. In detail, recent studies (Conservation genetics of populations of pike in the Veneto Region) by Dr. Livia Lucentini University of Perugia, put up at a Veneto Infoday of Agriculture (Producing and preserving fresh-water fish species), have revealed a substantial correspondence between phenotypes analyzed e genoma corrispondente. In particolare sono state analizzate le livree di poco meno di 1.300 lucci provenienti da differenti siti italiani ed europei, compresi quelli di alcuni allevamenti italiani. Su un campione di 350 esemplari sono quindi state effettuate analisi genetiche, sia mitocondriali che nucleari; queste ultime sono state confrontate con quelle relative a lucci provenienti da un altro continente (Canada). Tra tutti gli esemplari esaminati sono state catalogate 5 livree: a barre diagonali; a barre verticali; a bande longitudinali; livrea marmorizzata; livrea a spot circolari. Dalla comparazione delle sequenze del DNA (mitocondriale e nucleare), si è osservato che i lucci esaminati segregano in due grandi gruppi, diversificati sia geneticamente che a livello di livrea (fenotipo). Nel primo gruppo, compatibile geneticamente con le popolazioni canadesi, segregano tutti i lucci del Nord ed Est Europa ed alcuni italiani (ad esempio quelli del Lago del Corlo, del Lago di Fimon e di alcuni allevamenti). La livrea di riferimento è quella a spot circolari. Nel secondo gruppo segregano tutti i restanti lucci italiani analizzati, compresi quelli di alcune province venete e del Lago Trasimeno. Le livree di riferimento sono le restanti quattro. Questo cosa significa in soldoni? Che le popolazioni attuali, presenti nel territorio italiano, sono ormai costituite per buona parte da lucci alloctoni, caratterizzati da una livrea a spot circolari, mentre le popolazioni native sono in fase di costante decremento. In aggiunta, The discovery in nature of individuals with characteristics intermediate (hybrid) would imply the possibility of genetic introgression between the two lines (or species?) of pike, perhaps only partially limited by reproductive barriers, probably due to different spawning period. However, these, for now, are only hypotheses.

Figure 2: Example of livery of northern pike phenotype of the European

Conclusions

In fact is the extreme difficulty in the approach of the Italian populations of esocidi. In fact, the pike, the red list of freshwater fish indigenous in Italy, is considered especially vulnerable. However, the penalty is a question: "What we need to protect or protect pike today?" The answer seems obvious, almost predictable. The species or genetic line is to protect native Italy. So what to do and how to handle pike present in all other inland waters, those characterized by the often cited livery in circular patches or spots, now in the majority? Not to mention the fact that, at managerial level, application practices are thriving as the purchase by public bodies of lots of pike from importers, which, in turn, cross-border purchases. The line to follow, certainly not without problems, it is also still much to investigate in the field of genetics and approaches to people management should, be reliable, based on multidisciplinary analysis: phylogenetic, biological, eco-ethological and genetic. The current line of conservative people of Lucca Italy should therefore follow a few guidelines:

1) Certification and location of the populations in the country;

2) Habitat Protection and recovery, particularly the reproductive;

3) appropriate management measures, both to protect that recovery.

Clearly the primary issue seems to be that of protecting and management of indigenous populations and reproductive habitat, where their presence is established, followed by morphological and genetic selection of breeding stock of pike to be used for artificial reproduction. Less stringent management measures could be taken against people made of non-indigenous people, whose release should be of interest primarily, if not exclusively, private fishing ponds out of touch with public waters. However, there are territorial (in the case of certain waters of Ferrara) in which the pike has been successfully reintroduced (strain Central and Eastern Europe), living in sympatry with a predominantly non-native fish community, exercising his ecological role in a partially degraded environment where the pike "local" would have difficulty surviving.

Invitation I Pay The Meals

Fenotipi e genotipi del luccio in Italia

Frederick Ielli

This article Federico Ielli affronta l'importante problema della tutela del fenotipo italiano del luccio in un ottica conservazionistica, in riferimento ai recenti studi della Dott.ssa Livia Lucentini ricercatrice dell'Università di Perugia. La necessità di individuare alcune linee guida per la conservazione delle popolazioni di luccio italiche appare oggi fondamentale anche se non esente da difficoltà.

Introduzione

Il luccio (Esox lucius L.,) è specie ad ampia distribuzione europea, asiatica e Nord americana. In Italia la specie è nativa nelle regioni settentrionali e centrali, fino al Lazio e all’Abruzzo, mentre è stata di recente introdotta nel meridione and in the islands. The Italic peoples are distinguished from those of Eastern Europe and the North by the fact that the livery is quite different: essentially characterized by the presence of longitudinal bands greenish, more or less thick and continuous, or marmorizzature on a light background, in Italian pike, and pike in Central, East and West Europe are circular or elliptical spots (spot popular livery) yellow or greenish cream background. E 'was also reported the presence of pike with different phenotypes (vertical bars and diagonal) in some ecosystems of central Italy. Now, all this gives rise to much confusion, not only to taxonomic level, but also management, in how often the re-population of this species are made with material imported from Eastern Europe, easier to supply with all the issues that arise at the expense of the original population, including competition and hybridization.

Figure 1: Two examples of the colors of Italian phenotype

Recent

Recent studies have confirmed what some already know: that the Italian populations of Pike, steadily decrease throughout the country because of known problems (habitat alteration reproduction, water pollution, fishing iperprelievo, protective measures random, etc..,), are profoundly different from those across the border, both morphological and genetic, as well as behavioral, to the point to assume a specific differentiation between the Italian pike and the Central and Eastern Europe. In this case, genetics seems to be consistent with the morphological analysis. In detail, recent studies (Conservation genetics of populations of pike in the Veneto Region) by Dr. Livia Lucentini University of Perugia, put up at a Veneto Infoday of Agriculture (Producing and preserving fresh-water fish species), have revealed a substantial correspondence between phenotypes analyzed e genoma corrispondente. In particolare sono state analizzate le livree di poco meno di 1.300 lucci provenienti da differenti siti italiani ed europei, compresi quelli di alcuni allevamenti italiani. Su un campione di 350 esemplari sono quindi state effettuate analisi genetiche, sia mitocondriali che nucleari; queste ultime sono state confrontate con quelle relative a lucci provenienti da un altro continente (Canada). Tra tutti gli esemplari esaminati sono state catalogate 5 livree: a barre diagonali; a barre verticali; a bande longitudinali; livrea marmorizzata; livrea a spot circolari. Dalla comparazione delle sequenze del DNA (mitocondriale e nucleare), si è osservato che i lucci esaminati segregano in due grandi gruppi, diversificati sia geneticamente che a livello di livrea (fenotipo). Nel primo gruppo, compatibile geneticamente con le popolazioni canadesi, segregano tutti i lucci del Nord ed Est Europa ed alcuni italiani (ad esempio quelli del Lago del Corlo, del Lago di Fimon e di alcuni allevamenti). La livrea di riferimento è quella a spot circolari. Nel secondo gruppo segregano tutti i restanti lucci italiani analizzati, compresi quelli di alcune province venete e del Lago Trasimeno. Le livree di riferimento sono le restanti quattro. Questo cosa significa in soldoni? Che le popolazioni attuali, presenti nel territorio italiano, sono ormai costituite per buona parte da lucci alloctoni, caratterizzati da una livrea a spot circolari, mentre le popolazioni native sono in fase di costante decremento. In aggiunta, The discovery in nature of individuals with characteristics intermediate (hybrid) would imply the possibility of genetic introgression between the two lines (or species?) of pike, perhaps only partially limited by reproductive barriers, probably due to different spawning period. However, these, for now, are only hypotheses.

Figure 2: Example of livery of northern pike phenotype of the European

Conclusions

In fact is the extreme difficulty in the approach of the Italian populations of esocidi. In fact, the pike, the red list of freshwater fish indigenous in Italy, is considered especially vulnerable. However, the penalty is a question: "What we need to protect or protect pike today?" The answer seems obvious, almost predictable. The species or genetic line is to protect native Italy. So what to do and how to handle pike present in all other inland waters, those characterized by the often cited livery in circular patches or spots, now in the majority? Not to mention the fact that, at managerial level, application practices are thriving as the purchase by public bodies of lots of pike from importers, which, in turn, cross-border purchases. The line to follow, certainly not without problems, it is also still much to investigate in the field of genetics and approaches to people management should, be reliable, based on multidisciplinary analysis: phylogenetic, biological, eco-ethological and genetic. The current line of conservative people of Lucca Italy should therefore follow a few guidelines:

1) Certification and location of the populations in the country;

2) Habitat Protection and recovery, particularly the reproductive;

3) appropriate management measures, both to protect that recovery.

Clearly the primary issue seems to be that of protecting and management of indigenous populations and reproductive habitat, where their presence is established, followed by morphological and genetic selection of breeding stock of pike to be used for artificial reproduction. Less stringent management measures could be taken against people made of non-indigenous people, whose release should be of interest primarily, if not exclusively, private fishing ponds out of touch with public waters. However, there are territorial (in the case of certain waters of Ferrara) in which the pike has been successfully reintroduced (strain Central and Eastern Europe), living in sympatry with a predominantly non-native fish community, exercising his ecological role in a partially degraded environment where the pike "local" would have difficulty surviving.

Sorry Cards To Husband

Intervista a Graham Slater

Fabio Cester

Graham is the secretary of the PAC (Pike Angler Club of Great Britain) The PAC is undoubtedly the most influential association of pike fishing in Europe, and probably one of the oldest in the world, is mainly engaged in spreading the practice of pike fishing and safeguarding the pike. For those wishing more information on CAP, visit their website: www.pacgb.co.uk


Graham was kind enough to offer us a small interview on the importance of associations in fishing for pike, and while we were there I made a few more questions on those issues that are important to us, proved to be a person delicious. I hope you enjoy it as I do.

Graham, When did you start pike fishing?
(When did you start to fish for pike?)

Quite A Long Time Ago Fabio now! The Celebrated my 52nd birthday recently and Constantly Have Been fishing since childhood. It Was the sight of a dead pike That got me interested. During my early teens It Was common practice for all pike to be killed and I came across a group of people who HAD killed a pike of about 17lbs and I thought It Was The most beautiful fish I'd ever seen. I HAD to learn from books as I Did not Know Any Other pike anglers But I soon picked it up and pike fishing Have never stopped since then.

A lot 'of time is Fabio! I just celebrated my birthday 52mo and I started fishing when I was little. Seeing a dead pike 'was the reason for triggering. When I was in middle it was common practice to kill all the pike and I met a group of people who had killed a pike of 17 pounds (nearly 8 kg) and I thought the fish was more 'beautiful I have ever seen. I had learn from books because I did not know anyone else who fish for pike but I soon learned and I never stopped to fish for pike since then.

Graham Slater with a catch record

I know you are the secretary of the PAC righ now, how many people are Involved at the moment into the PAC?

(you are the secretary of the Pike angler Club now, how many people are involved in the club?)

At committee level WE HAVE A total of 12 people, Each With Their Own Such specific job as Membership Secretary, Magazine Editor, etc . But Because of the regional structure of the organization We have Liaison Officers who cover a wide Also area for us and the Regional Organiser who run the separate regions. The committee, Rely On These People to tackle issues at local level with Our help and support.

At the level of directors have a total of 12 persons, each with its own specific task as Secretary of Adhesions, Editorial Director etc. But because of the regional structure of the organization we have liaison officers and regional organizations that administer the individual regions. The Board relies on these people to take care of local problems, with our help and support.

The PAC is without a doubt The Most important association in the european pike fishing scenes, what do you think made it so great over the years?

(PAC is without doubt the greatest reality of membership in the European scene for pike fishing, what do you think has made him so important over the years?)

Mmm, good question. I think first and foremost it has Been the drive and determination of subsequent committees to Promote and Protect Both pike. We are Constantly monitoring the situation and are very pro-active if we hear of a problem. We will approach clubs or individuals with a reasoned argument and try to get to work with us Them Rather than U.S. Trying to tell them what to do.

Mmm, good question. I think first of all was the passion and determination of the various Guidelines for the Protection and Promotion of the pike. We constantly monitor the situation and we are very proactive when we become aware of a problem. We're going to talk to the club and with the individual using reasonable arguments and trying to make them work with us instead of 'give him orders.

What You Would suggest to a club like Our small, to get the ITS voice heard?

(what advice to a small club like ours, to make their voices heard?)

This May sound simple to answer But the best way to get heard is to make sure you tell enough people. Offer to help with teaching novices about handling and unhooking, do not be afraid to approach anti-pike But clubs do it in a friendly way and have some evidence to back up your claims. On the CAP site we have 'Pike in your waters,' it is there for anyone to use Explains why and pike are an important part of Any Fishery. Lastly, be patient as it Sometimes Takes a while to get people to listen.

This can 'seem a simplistic answer but the best way to feel and' tell so many people. Offer help in the formation of the new recruits on how to handle and unhook the fish without fear of anti-club approach pike but doing so in a friendly manner, with evidence to support its claim. On the site of CAP we have "in your pike waters" (a document on the pike and its management), and 'available per tutti e spiega perche' i lucci sono una parte importante di ogni ecosistema. Infine, essere pazienti perche' a volte ci vuole tempo prima che le persone vi ascoltino.

Some pike welfare question now. I know that what follow are "hot issues" but I think you will agree with me, that talking about pike care, is never too much.
(Adesso alcune domande sulla salute del luccio. So che quanto segue sono argomenti delicati, ma penso, e sarai daccordo con me, che parlare della salute del luccio non sia mai troppo)
What you would suggest to people that hold pikes vertically by the gillplate or with bogas or other devices like this?
(cosa consigli a quei pescatori che tengono il luccio in verticale, reggendolo per l'opercolo o con attrezzi come il bogagrip o simili?)

Fortunately we do not see the Boga over here and I’m pleased we don’t. As far as I’m concerned it has no place in catch and release fishing. For many years we also had the gaff and the use of spring loaded gags in common use, these have almost died out now and we have approached a number of tackle importers who no longer bring them into this country.
There has been little re search done on vertical holds on pike but some which was done on other species in America showed that this hold could lead to stretching of the vertebrae which cannot be good for a pike.

Luckily there are plenty of vogue in our country and I'm glad there are not. For me there is no 'place for the vogue in the catch and release. For many years, 'was the popular use of the gaff and spring opener, now have almost disappeared and we have contacted several dealers who import them now more' in our country.
vertical sockets have not been thoroughly investigated but the research done on American species has shown that they can lead to distension of the vertebrae that certainly is not good for pike.

Graham with another sample of all respect

In your opinion, When it's too deep to fish?

(in your opinion, when it is too deep to fish?)

Personally I have taken pike from 55 feet of water with no problems at all But That Was exceptional. On Most waters in the United Kingdom it Would Be Deeper Than rare fish to 30 feet as the pike are Rarely That depth below

Personally I pulled up pike from 16 feet without problems but it 's been a great thing. In most of the waters of the United Kingdom and 'rare fish more than 9 yards since the pike over the depth of' no ..

How long a pike has to be taken out of the water for the pictures and Weighing Procedures?

(how long a pike can be taken out of the water for the operations of weighing / measuring and photos?)

An experienced pike angler Should Have the pike out of the water for the minimum time possible. My own procedure is to leave the pike in the landing net whilst I make sure the room, scales, unhooking mat and tools are ready. The pike is lifted from the water, weighed and photographed as Quickly As Possible and then returned.
There is no need for a pike to be out of the water for More Than 2-3 minutes.

A fisherman pike expert should minimize the time that takes the pike out of the water. I leave the pike in the network until I prepare the camera, scales, calipers and mattresses. I pull out the pike from the water, the more weight and fotogrado 'quickly as possible and then release.
There 'need to hold a pike out of the water for more' than 2-3 minutes.

We have a lot of live-bait anglers zander here That do not use wire leaders Any Think That Because the zander is leader shy, Would you suggest what to Them, or to convince us to Them?

(Sandre have many fishermen who fish with live steel with no end because they think that Sandra frightened at the sight of it, what do you suggest them, or what do you suggest to us to convince them not to do so?)

We Have This too, But only on a small scale. We have found
The answer is to try and educate the zander anglers as to the damage That They Are Likely to cause to pike and Hope That They Will Come round to Our Way of Thinking. This works in a lot of cases But Some Simply will not change and all we can do is to keep Trying to Make Them see the correct way to do things.

also happens to us, but only on a small scale.
What we do is' try to educate anglers on the pike that can easily cause damage to the pike and we hope that one day come to think like us. This works in many cases but some simply do not change and all we can do 'to continue a provare a spiegargli qual'e' il modo giusto di fare le cose.

Thank you immensely Graham for your time.
(grazie immensamente Graham per il tempo che ci hai dedicato)

It has been a pleasure talking to you Fabio and I hope some of my answers have helped you to see how we do things in the PAC. One thing to remember, we have been doing this for 33 years so it didn’t happen overnight. We have found the best way is to break the big problems down into smaller parts and tackle them one by one. I’ll finish by wishing you every success.

E' stato un piacere parlare con te Fabio e spero che le mie risposte vi abbiano aiutato a capire come we do things here at the PAC. One thing to keep in mind 'that we started 33 years ago so it is not' a thing that 'grew up in a night. We realized that the best and 'divide big problems into manageable portions' small and resolve them one by one. In closing, I wish you every success.

Sorry Cards To Husband

Intervista a Graham Slater

Fabio Cester

Graham is the secretary of the PAC (Pike Angler Club of Great Britain) The PAC is undoubtedly the most influential association of pike fishing in Europe, and probably one of the oldest in the world, is mainly engaged in spreading the practice of pike fishing and safeguarding the pike. For those wishing more information on CAP, visit their website: www.pacgb.co.uk


Graham was kind enough to offer us a small interview on the importance of associations in fishing for pike, and while we were there I made a few more questions on those issues that are important to us, proved to be a person delicious. I hope you enjoy it as I do.

Graham, When did you start pike fishing?
(When did you start to fish for pike?)

Quite A Long Time Ago Fabio now! The Celebrated my 52nd birthday recently and Constantly Have Been fishing since childhood. It Was the sight of a dead pike That got me interested. During my early teens It Was common practice for all pike to be killed and I came across a group of people who HAD killed a pike of about 17lbs and I thought It Was The most beautiful fish I'd ever seen. I HAD to learn from books as I Did not Know Any Other pike anglers But I soon picked it up and pike fishing Have never stopped since then.

A lot 'of time is Fabio! I just celebrated my birthday 52mo and I started fishing when I was little. Seeing a dead pike 'was the reason for triggering. When I was in middle it was common practice to kill all the pike and I met a group of people who had killed a pike of 17 pounds (nearly 8 kg) and I thought the fish was more 'beautiful I have ever seen. I had learn from books because I did not know anyone else who fish for pike but I soon learned and I never stopped to fish for pike since then.

Graham Slater with a catch record

I know you are the secretary of the PAC righ now, how many people are Involved at the moment into the PAC?

(you are the secretary of the Pike angler Club now, how many people are involved in the club?)

At committee level WE HAVE A total of 12 people, Each With Their Own Such specific job as Membership Secretary, Magazine Editor, etc . But Because of the regional structure of the organization We have Liaison Officers who cover a wide Also area for us and the Regional Organiser who run the separate regions. The committee, Rely On These People to tackle issues at local level with Our help and support.

At the level of directors have a total of 12 persons, each with its own specific task as Secretary of Adhesions, Editorial Director etc. But because of the regional structure of the organization we have liaison officers and regional organizations that administer the individual regions. The Board relies on these people to take care of local problems, with our help and support.

The PAC is without a doubt The Most important association in the european pike fishing scenes, what do you think made it so great over the years?

(PAC is without doubt the greatest reality of membership in the European scene for pike fishing, what do you think has made him so important over the years?)

Mmm, good question. I think first and foremost it has Been the drive and determination of subsequent committees to Promote and Protect Both pike. We are Constantly monitoring the situation and are very pro-active if we hear of a problem. We will approach clubs or individuals with a reasoned argument and try to get to work with us Them Rather than U.S. Trying to tell them what to do.

Mmm, good question. I think first of all was the passion and determination of the various Guidelines for the Protection and Promotion of the pike. We constantly monitor the situation and we are very proactive when we become aware of a problem. We're going to talk to the club and with the individual using reasonable arguments and trying to make them work with us instead of 'give him orders.

What You Would suggest to a club like Our small, to get the ITS voice heard?

(what advice to a small club like ours, to make their voices heard?)

This May sound simple to answer But the best way to get heard is to make sure you tell enough people. Offer to help with teaching novices about handling and unhooking, do not be afraid to approach anti-pike But clubs do it in a friendly way and have some evidence to back up your claims. On the CAP site we have 'Pike in your waters,' it is there for anyone to use Explains why and pike are an important part of Any Fishery. Lastly, be patient as it Sometimes Takes a while to get people to listen.

This can 'seem a simplistic answer but the best way to feel and' tell so many people. Offer help in the formation of the new recruits on how to handle and unhook the fish without fear of anti-club approach pike but doing so in a friendly manner, with evidence to support its claim. On the site of CAP we have "in your pike waters" (a document on the pike and its management), and 'available per tutti e spiega perche' i lucci sono una parte importante di ogni ecosistema. Infine, essere pazienti perche' a volte ci vuole tempo prima che le persone vi ascoltino.

Some pike welfare question now. I know that what follow are "hot issues" but I think you will agree with me, that talking about pike care, is never too much.
(Adesso alcune domande sulla salute del luccio. So che quanto segue sono argomenti delicati, ma penso, e sarai daccordo con me, che parlare della salute del luccio non sia mai troppo)
What you would suggest to people that hold pikes vertically by the gillplate or with bogas or other devices like this?
(cosa consigli a quei pescatori che tengono il luccio in verticale, reggendolo per l'opercolo o con attrezzi come il bogagrip o simili?)

Fortunately we do not see the Boga over here and I’m pleased we don’t. As far as I’m concerned it has no place in catch and release fishing. For many years we also had the gaff and the use of spring loaded gags in common use, these have almost died out now and we have approached a number of tackle importers who no longer bring them into this country.
There has been little re search done on vertical holds on pike but some which was done on other species in America showed that this hold could lead to stretching of the vertebrae which cannot be good for a pike.

Luckily there are plenty of vogue in our country and I'm glad there are not. For me there is no 'place for the vogue in the catch and release. For many years, 'was the popular use of the gaff and spring opener, now have almost disappeared and we have contacted several dealers who import them now more' in our country.
vertical sockets have not been thoroughly investigated but the research done on American species has shown that they can lead to distension of the vertebrae that certainly is not good for pike.

Graham with another sample of all respect

In your opinion, When it's too deep to fish?

(in your opinion, when it is too deep to fish?)

Personally I have taken pike from 55 feet of water with no problems at all But That Was exceptional. On Most waters in the United Kingdom it Would Be Deeper Than rare fish to 30 feet as the pike are Rarely That depth below

Personally I pulled up pike from 16 feet without problems but it 's been a great thing. In most of the waters of the United Kingdom and 'rare fish more than 9 yards since the pike over the depth of' no ..

How long a pike has to be taken out of the water for the pictures and Weighing Procedures?

(how long a pike can be taken out of the water for the operations of weighing / measuring and photos?)

An experienced pike angler Should Have the pike out of the water for the minimum time possible. My own procedure is to leave the pike in the landing net whilst I make sure the room, scales, unhooking mat and tools are ready. The pike is lifted from the water, weighed and photographed as Quickly As Possible and then returned.
There is no need for a pike to be out of the water for More Than 2-3 minutes.

A fisherman pike expert should minimize the time that takes the pike out of the water. I leave the pike in the network until I prepare the camera, scales, calipers and mattresses. I pull out the pike from the water, the more weight and fotogrado 'quickly as possible and then release.
There 'need to hold a pike out of the water for more' than 2-3 minutes.

We have a lot of live-bait anglers zander here That do not use wire leaders Any Think That Because the zander is leader shy, Would you suggest what to Them, or to convince us to Them?

(Sandre have many fishermen who fish with live steel with no end because they think that Sandra frightened at the sight of it, what do you suggest them, or what do you suggest to us to convince them not to do so?)

We Have This too, But only on a small scale. We have found
The answer is to try and educate the zander anglers as to the damage That They Are Likely to cause to pike and Hope That They Will Come round to Our Way of Thinking. This works in a lot of cases But Some Simply will not change and all we can do is to keep Trying to Make Them see the correct way to do things.

also happens to us, but only on a small scale.
What we do is' try to educate anglers on the pike that can easily cause damage to the pike and we hope that one day come to think like us. This works in many cases but some simply do not change and all we can do 'to continue a provare a spiegargli qual'e' il modo giusto di fare le cose.

Thank you immensely Graham for your time.
(grazie immensamente Graham per il tempo che ci hai dedicato)

It has been a pleasure talking to you Fabio and I hope some of my answers have helped you to see how we do things in the PAC. One thing to remember, we have been doing this for 33 years so it didn’t happen overnight. We have found the best way is to break the big problems down into smaller parts and tackle them one by one. I’ll finish by wishing you every success.

E' stato un piacere parlare con te Fabio e spero che le mie risposte vi abbiano aiutato a capire come we do things here at the PAC. One thing to keep in mind 'that we started 33 years ago so it is not' a thing that 'grew up in a night. We realized that the best and 'divide big problems into manageable portions' small and resolve them one by one. In closing, I wish you every success.

Samaire Armstrong Nuda Fake

Dolcetto scherzetto: ecco l'alba dei morti viventi a Genova, gli artisti uccisi dal potere.

Qualcuno, i sindacati autonomi, aveva avvertito tutti i lavoratori...qualcun'altro, come d'abitudine, si affrettava a gettare acqua sul fuoco: i sindacati di regime.
Ora la verità emerge da sola: ecco la procedura per i licenziamenti, senza i quali non esiste alcuna possibilità di applicare i contratti di solidarietà. Prossima mossa, l'applicazione a livello nazionale.

Samaire Armstrong Nuda Fake

Dolcetto scherzetto: ecco l'alba dei morti viventi a Genova, gli artisti uccisi dal potere.

Qualcuno, i sindacati autonomi, aveva avvertito tutti i lavoratori...qualcun'altro, come d'abitudine, si affrettava a gettare acqua sul fuoco: i sindacati di regime.
Ora la verità emerge da sola: ecco la procedura per i licenziamenti, senza i quali non esiste alcuna possibilità di applicare i contratti di solidarietà. Prossima mossa, l'applicazione a livello nazionale.